Thursday, November 12, 2026

"I Wish This Connected to Something"































The wire and fabric "Play Huts" fold flat for storage, which is how they were arranged on the table at the top of the hill, alongside several similarly collapsed play tunnels. I released one of the tunnels with a flourish, allowing it to launch dramatically from my hands like a large spring, sort of shooting it down the hill, landing it on the head of one of the children who laughed at the surprise.

Behind me, however, the children were less joyful, rushing the table asserting, "I want a house," each taking a flattened square. There are only six of the huts, two large ones and four smaller. The supply ran out quickly. When the seventh child came up saying, "I want a house," I said, "That's all there are. I guess you'll have to figure out a way to share."


This was a dissatisfying circumstance for all but the six children who were now wrestling with their houses, trying to transform them from flat squares into three-dimensional playthings. Some managed it on their own, while I helped others, and soon there were six kids sitting in six huts with a half dozen other kids standing on the outside looking in. Some of the outsiders dropped to their knees in an effort to crowd in only to be scolded, "No! This is my house!"

I said, "There are three tunnels that no one is using," motioning toward them, but only the huts were in demand.

After several minutes of turf defense, including some yelling, one of the kids cried out to me, "Look, Teacher Tom, we're sharing!" And sure enough I saw two faces smiling out from within one hut. I said, "You are!" If I was expecting that the other hut hoarders would see the wisdom in this solution, I was disappointed as they continued to bicker and bawl until they had chased most of the younger children away, leaving them all together, separate, sitting cross-legged, not willing to leave their huts lest they be commandeered by squatters.


That is, with the exception of the two who were sharing their hut. They were scheming and planning and playing, speaking sentences that began with, "Let's pretend . . . " and ended with, "Okay?" They were not in fear of losing their hut because one of them could always stay behind while the other scavenged for loose parts they could deploy as household items. "Pretend this is our bed, okay?" "Pretend this is where we keep our books, okay?"

One of them dragged an abandoned tunnel over, saying, "This can be how we get in." He connected it to one of the four sides of their hut. By now, neither of them was spending any time inside of their hut, but were rather busying themselves with the game, collecting their furnishings, discussing their plans. They had no fear of losing their space to an interloper because all the potential interlopers were protecting their huts, unable to do anything but sit.

At one point, one of the partners considered the tunnel they had connected as an entryway. "I wish this connected to something."


There was a long silence, then a hopeful voice came from one of the separate fortresses, "You can connect to my house." This was agreed upon and enacted, which then led to another of the solitary children calling out, "You can connect to my house." So they did, using another tunnel. And then another asked to be included, then another. Soon they had pushed their huts together, connecting them with the tunnels, crawling from space to space, chattering, declaring one another "best friends," and employing sentences that began with "Let's pretend . . . " and ended with, "Okay?"

Then they began calling out to the other children, the ones who they had previously chased away, inviting them in by saying, "Let's pretend . . . Okay?"

******

I've been writing about play-based learning almost every day for the past 14 years. I've recently gone back through the 4000+ blog posts(!) I've written since 2009. Here are my 10 favorite in a nifty free download. Click here to get yours.



I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Wednesday, November 11, 2026

Inventing Life for Ourselves


I've never written about the day I became a father. I think about that day and often tell parts of the story, but so far I've not found all of the words to do so, if words are even adequate. What I need to say is too complex to express in my normal way. Maybe it requires a novel. Maybe it requires poetry, sculpture, or painting, or it's possible that the way to say what I need to say hasn't been discovered yet.

Those of us who have spent our lives around young children are familiar with their creative struggle to express themselves. It's part of the process of learning the language, of course, so the conversational shortcuts and "good enough" putty with which we spackle our day-to-day adult conversation are yet to be learned. Children regularly find themselves thinking thoughts or having feelings for the first time and they need to communicate about them. Without being able to make use of the cliches upon which we adults rely, they must invent a way of saying it.

An excited five-year-old once responded to an adult who had offhandedly asked, "How are you?" by replying, "This day has a powerful, huge, even big magic in it!"

A three-year-old described an accidental lever she had made on the playground in the form of a chant: "Push down, go up, push down, go up, push down . . ."

Another preschooler, playing with a wine cork in a tub of water, explained, "It went on the water and didn't go down in the water, but I could push it down. And it went back on the water!"

In each example, you can hear the child grasping for complexity, for depth, for knowledge about themselves and their world, then striving to express the fullness of it, grasping at words, building with them the way they build with blocks. Soon they are going to learn to simply say, "I feel good," or to sum up their discoveries with words like "lever" and "float." These are useful shortcuts, but they can also conceal the complexity of the experiences that gave rise to them. Right now it's the complexity that matters, because it's not just the angels and devils that live in details. Understanding complexity is all about the details, the fullness of a thing, the process or experience. Later will be the time for more concisely summing up the complexity.


Too often, educators try to skip over the complexity and go straight to the summing up, immediately offering children the simple concise answer. Stripped of complexity, the responses are rendered mostly meaningless even if absolutely correct. In Douglas Adams' novel The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, they build a computer programmed to answer the question, "What is the meaning of life, the universe, and everything?" After seven-and-a-half million years, the computer calculates the answer, which is "Forty-two." It's the right answer, but without the rest of the story, it's useless for anything beyond passing a test.

When children play, we sometimes see it as frivolous and purposeless, and perhaps to that child, in that moment, it is, but we should never make the mistake of thinking it's meaningless. This is why we don't step in to correct the child by telling them that there is "no such thing as magic," or "help them" by showing them what else a lever can do, or which other objects can float on water. When we do, we risk rendering the moment meaningless, or as the great developmental psychologist Jean Piaget wrote, "Every time we teach a child something, we keep him from inventing it himself." The complexity is where the action is because that's what interests us about a new thing, the details. When we leave children to decide for themselves which of those details are relevant, where to build their own scaffolding, and whether and when to move on to something else entirely, we free them to learn beyond the surface of right answers into where complexity lives. When humans engage like this, even frivolously and purposelessly, we're inventing for ourselves.

And as we invent, we find we must communicate about it. We're language-using animals, of course, and schools tend to focus less on language as a tool for invention than on language as a way to prove what we know on tests or practice what we've been taught on worksheets. Even our essays must be graded. It's doubly sad because much of children's learning is literally being constructed by themselves as they strive to express it, be it through words, art, or science. That someone else has listened carefully, understood, and acknowledged that their understanding is a vital part of that process. It's this process that is important, not merely the outcome.


As we get older, we tend to experience fewer things for the first time, which leads many of us to fill our language with words and phrases that rush us past the complexity. We've got places to be and things to do, after all. We don't have the time to just play, to let ourselves fall into the details and wander around, being frivolous and purposeless. I suppose when you've seen it all before, it's hard to summon the enthusiasm for inventing things, unless, that is, you have young children in your life. If you listen to them, listening not just with your ears, but with your heart, it's impossible not to be inspired. 

When a child answers, "How are you?" with, "This day has a powerful, huge, even big magic in it," you find yourself nodding along, at once understanding something more complex, and therefore more true, than the old shoe of "I'm fine, and you?" We can't do this ourselves without play. Without play, we lose sight of complexity and stop inventing our world, becoming increasingly efficient, but going nowhere. 

This is something I started to discover on the day I became a father: children remind us to keep inventing life for ourselves.

******

Even the most thriving play-based environments can grow stale at times. I've created this collection of my favorite free (or nearly free) resources for educators, parents, and others who work with young children. It's my gift to you! Click here to download your own copy and never run out of ideas again!


I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Tuesday, November 10, 2026

Biophilia

Biophilia. Love of life. Is there a better definition of what we do?

"Biophilia is the passionate love of life and of all that is alive; it is the wish to further growth, whether in a person, a plant, an idea, or a social group. The biophilous person prefers to construct rather than to retain. He wants to be more rather than to have more. He is capable of wondering, and he prefers to see something new rather than to find confirmation of the old. He loves the adventure of living more than he does certainty. He sees the whole rather than only the parts, structures rather than summations. He wants to mould and to influence by love, reason, and example; not by force, by cutting things apart, by the bureaucratic manner of administering people as if they were things."

Psychologist Erich Fromm wrote this in 1973 and had he only not cut out half the human population by his use masculine pronouns, he could have been writing a job description for every play-based educator I know.

This is what we do as we strive to set children free to play, to grow, to become more, to be full of wonder, as they fall in love with the world. It's why we resent it when education dilettantes, be they policymakers, bureaucrats, or businesspeople, pat us on the head as they explain all the precious "efficiencies" we'll gain by administering to children as if they are things. As biophiles, we know that grades and tests and out-of-the-box curricula miss the point as they cut things apart.

Play is a flourishing of life's impulse to fully embrace the adventure of living. Our job isn't to manage that impulse, but to join in it, to nurture it, to make room for it, in ourselves as much as in the children. We are not here to administer children as if they are things. We are here to fall in love with the world alongside them.

Biophilia. Love of life. Is there a better definition of what we do?

******
 
I've been writing about play-based learning almost every day for the past 14 years. I've recently gone back through the 4000+ blog posts(!) I've written since 2009. Here are my 10 favorite in a nifty free download. Click here to get yours.

I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Monday, November 09, 2026

The Mad King Ludwig

Ludwig II of Bavaria is best known as Mad King Ludwig.

He inherited his crown at 18 after a childhood of privilege. He was not interested in the business of governing, which was still at least part of the job of European royals in 1864, instead occupying himself with art, architecture, mythology and fantasy. Otto von Bismarck, minister-president of Prussia, a man who was not a king, but was deeply interested in the business of conquest and governing, easily outmaneuvered Ludwig ultimately bringing Bavaria, against Ludwig's wishes, into what became the German Empire. This is likely a major factor in Ludwig's increasingly "mad" descent into his world of fantasy.

Modern psychiatrists are today split on whether or not Ludwig was actually "mad" by today's standards, but in 1886, he was declared mentally unfit to rule, deposed, and shortly afterward found dead in a lake under mysterious circumstances.

He left behind a mountain of debt and some of Bavaria's most popular tourist attractions, including the castle Neuschwanstein, the model for Disney's Sleeping Beauty castle. My wife and I visited it several decades ago and it is truly a magnificent palace: a place of pure fantasy.

The Mad King Ludwig lived during a time of great change, everywhere, but especially in the Western world. Kingly power had been declining for decades, being replaced everywhere by parliaments and legislatures. While Bismarck was "unifying" the Germanic world, the American Civil War was being fought over slavery, and Ludwig was building fairy-tale castles.  Ludwig, for me, represents the last of the hereditary kings, those unitary figures who ruled by whim. Whatever the psychiatrists say, his "madness" was one that is commonly shared by those who hold extreme individual wealth and power: he seemed to live as if he had the absolute freedom to shape reality and the absolute authority to compel the rest of us to live in it.

In some ways, Ludwig's fantasies were no different than those of the preschoolers in our lives, who often fashion themselves as princesses and princes, queens and king, dressing in fancy frills and building castles. The difference is that there is never one king in a preschool, never one princess, and the kingdom belongs to everyone. Children may assert their vision over those of others, they may even attempt to dictate their preferred reality, but they learn soon enough that to do so is to lose their kingdom. Commanding people isn't nearly as satisfying when there is no one to command. The greater joy comes from creating reality together.

"Let's pretend . . ." is an invitation, not a command.

"I've got an idea!" is an offer to co-create.

"We can both be queen!" is a compromise that acknowledges the sovereignty of everyone.

When children play together, they are constantly confronting a truth that kings struggle to accept: other people have minds of their own. We may try to command, threaten, and bribe, but none of that is comparable to the joy of inspiring them to join us willingly, not as subjects, but as collaborators. They learn that the world is not theirs alone, but rather a creation of everyone.

Ludwig's "madness" is not that he lived in a fantasy world, but rather that he thought he could be its sole author.

He died just 76 years before I was born. Some of his contemporaries were still walking the earth during my own lifetime. His story is not ancient history. And while hereditary kings have largely disappeared, the fantasy of being its sole author is very much alive. 

******

Even the most thriving play-based environments can grow stale at times. I've created this collection of my favorite free (or nearly free) resources for educators, parents, and others who work with young children. It's my gift to you! Click here to download your own copy and never run out of ideas again!


I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Friday, November 06, 2026

Inventing Us


The opposite of play isn't work, it's rote.  ~Edward Hallowell
This might sound like an odd thing for a teacher to write, but I sometimes get the idea that knowing stuff is the enemy of education. There is little gratification in it for me when I've envisioned how children will do something, then they proceed to do it in just the way I've imagined. Certainly, I could claim it as some evidence of experience on my side, but it also makes me worry that it's also evidence of rote on the children's side. 


I'll leave it to future teachers to worry about teaching the kids to follow instructions if that's what they feel they need them to do. Much better things are happening in our school, it seems, when instructions are minimal and I'm constantly proven wrong in my expectations. Fortunately, when working with young children in a play-based environment, that's more the norm than the exception. 


Our classroom, every day, should be one big experiment, a place where things are not known by either the kids or the teachers, a place where we fiddle and argue and poke and prod our way toward knowledge, and where everything we come to understand is only a part of all the other things we're striving to know.  It should be a place with lots of room for failure, frustration, and conflict. It should be a place with lots of room for wonder, epiphany, and friendship.


When a colleague complained to Thomas Edison about his lack of results in one of his experiments, he replied, "I have gotten a lot of results! I know several thousand things that won't work." Except we're not even trying to invent anything here, but simply discover, in the spirit of pure science, conducted for the purpose of getting closer to our own truth and nothing more.


Or maybe we are trying to invent something, after all, and if we are, it's not the sort of thing that can be put into words, but rather felt or intuited. I suppose it has something to do with inventing ourselves both as individuals and as a community. It's something that can only be invented by conducting thousands and thousands of experiments; by taking thousands and thousands of steps.


And even though billions of humans have come before us, if we are playing together, we are discovering and inventing a thing that has never been discovered or invented before: us.


******

I've been writing about play-based learning almost every day for the past 14 years. I've recently gone back through the 4000+ blog posts(!) I've written since 2009. Here are my 10 favorite in a nifty free download. Click here to get yours.


I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Thursday, November 05, 2026

The Magic Circle of Us


"You have to go around that tree."

The boy was telling a friend how to run the obstacle course he and the other kids had created. After running around the tree, there were some stairs to climb, a clamber through the sand pit row boat, a scamper up and a slide down the concrete slide, a stop in the garden to pick a ripe berry ("or something else to eat"), a jump off of something, a balance across something else, and so on until you arrived back at the starting point. 

It was even more elaborate than my explanation and the boy being instructed listened with an intensity, asking for clarifications, obviously wanting to get it right. Then he was off as the others cheered him on. "You forgot to ring the bell!" "It's okay, I couldn't find any berries either!" "Hurry!"

He was flushed and panting by the time he'd completed the circuit. Now it was time for someone else: "Go!"

As the next child rounded the tree, the others cheered. The boy who had just joined the game, likewise joined in the cheering, naturally, because that too was part of the game, an unspoken but nevertheless vital rule of this game of obstacle course running.

This was a game that emerged entirely from the children themselves. It was not urged upon them by an adult, although the physical space of our junkyard playground may have suggested it to them.  

Ethologists tend to distinguish between "exploration" and "play," although I've always considered the two behaviors part and parcel because one so often leads to the other. Exploration is the evolutionarily functional process of answering the question of "What is this?" while play asks the open-ended question, "What can I/we do with this?" On this day, the thing they found to do, their play, was this game of taking turns running a course.

In his 1938 book Homo Ludens, Dutch historian and cultural theorist Johan Huizinga theorized that play is the primary and necessary condition for the creation of culture. He argued that while play is a self-selected activity, one that is entered into via an exercise of free will, the space in which it takes place (in this case, our playground) becomes circumscribed by a "magic circle." Inside this circle, there are rules that exist by agreement of the players as long as the game continues. Those who violate those rules and refuse to mend their ways, are either expelled from the game or, if they persist, the game comes to an end. Everything that is outside this magic circle becomes irrelevant for the time.

There were no rule breakers in this game on this day, but had there been a conflict over the rules of this game, for instance, I might have felt compelled to step inside the circle which would have, in an instant, destroyed the magic. If the conflict turned violent, if someone was excluded, for arbitrary reasons, I would have had no choice but to intervene. But short of that, I try to allow conflict to play itself out. Often, beautifully, it results in some sort of compromise. Sometimes it leads to the formation of a second magic circle in which the rules are completely different. And sometimes it leads to, as Huizinga suggests, the exclusion of someone from the game.

This is the hard one for early childhood educators because, in the backs of our minds we have the idea that no one be excluded. "You can't say you can't play." But what of the player who, say, refuses to start by going around the tree? What of the player who decides to spontaneously add tackling to the game? Certainly, they can suggest these changes, discuss them, negotiate, but if the rest of the kids are against it, it would be grossly unfair of me, the adult, to insist that the newcomer and their unilateral changes be included within the magic circle. In fact, to do so would, again, destroy the magic. I can suggest to the child who has been excluded that they create their own game, to attempt to circumscribe a new magic circle with its own rules, but if the goal is to be part of the culture that has sprung up around the obstacle course game, then joining that culture means finding a way to live within its agreements.

I like this idea that play is the source of culture, but it does require adults who see and understand the magic circle, who are able to treasure it from the outside, because like a soap bubble, the act of crossing the barrier usually makes it disappear. We can't, of course, always stay on the outside. And sometimes, on the best days, we're invited in.

"Teacher Tom, do you want to try it?"

As I ran around the tree, I heard the children cheering, but I knew it wasn't for me. It was for all of us. That's the magic conjured inside these circles -- the magic of us.

******

Even the most thriving play-based environments can grow stale at times. I've created this collection of my favorite free (or nearly free) resources for educators, parents, and others who work with young children. It's my gift to you! Click here to download your own copy and never run out of ideas again!


I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!

Wednesday, November 04, 2026

The Ice Cream Was Always Just Out of Reach


The two-year-old said to me, "If you eat this food you can have ice cream." She placed a plate in front of me on which she had positioned a glob of purple play dough. 

I said, "What is it?"

"It's healthy food."

"What kind of healthy food?"

"You just have to eat it."

"I'll need a fork."

"I'll get one for you, Teacher Tom." She dug around on the shelf until she found a plastic one. "Here's your fork, now eat your food."

I pretended to take a bite. Sometimes when kids want me to taste their imaginary food, I make a comical face and say, "It's yucky" or "It's too hot!" but this time I said, "That is so good! I'm going to eat it all!" I stabbed the play dough with my fork pretending to shove the whole thing in my mouth, then hid it on my lap while mimicking chewing and swallowing. "Now I'm ready for my ice cream."

The "ice cream" was more play dough she held in a container. For a moment I thought she was going to serve it to me, but then she said, "First you have to take your bath, then you can have some ice cream."

"I don't want to take a bath."

"You have to take a bath if you want to have some ice cream."

"I'll need a wash cloth."

"I'll get one for you, Teacher Tom." She found a small blanket in our cradle of baby dolls. "Here's your wash cloth."

I mimed bathing, then said, "All clean and fresh, now I'm ready for that ice cream."

"No, first you have to put on your jammies."

"I don't want to put on my jammies."

"You have to put on your jammies, then you can have some ice cream."

It went a couple more rounds like this. It was clear that I wasn't going to get any ice cream.

It was all pretend. The food wasn't real, the bath wasn't real, the pajamas weren't real. Even the ice cream wasn't real. Nothing about this was real, it was all a child's game, yet as she dangled that reward always just out of reach, I found a thread of growing annoyance and helplessness underneath my play. I felt manipulated and controlled. I'd jumped through her hoops, yet there was always another one. The game was pretend, but the emotions it evoked were real.

Just think how much stronger those emotions would be if I were the child, she the adult, and it was not a game, but rather a part of my day-to-day reality. 

******

I've been writing about play-based learning almost every day for the past 14 years. I've recently gone back through the 4000+ blog posts(!) I've written since 2009. Here are my 10 favorite in a nifty free download. Click here to get yours.


I put a lot of time and effort into this blog. If you'd like to support me please consider a small contribution to the cause. Thank you!